PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.